Automated testing
Catches the mechanically-detectable issues - missing alt text, contrast failures, invalid ARIA - so manual testing can focus on what tools can't see: whether the experience actually makes sense.
Testing
Accessibility testing
How to actually verify what you built - automated scans, keyboard testing, screen readers, visual checks, mobile, and the full manual checklist.
Automated tools can identify many issues, but they cannot replace manual accessibility testing. Use both.
Keyboard testing
Unplug the mouse. Every interactive element should be reachable and operable with Tab, Shift+Tab, Enter, Space, Escape, and arrow keys alone.
Screen reader testing
Automated tools can't tell you whether an experience actually makes sense when heard rather than seen. Test with NVDA, VoiceOver, and TalkBack directly.
Visual testing
Contrast, zoom, reflow, text spacing, reduced motion, and forced-colors mode - checks that need eyes on a real viewport, not just a linter.
Mobile testing
Touch target size, spacing, and orientation matter as much on a phone as keyboard access does on a desktop.
Manual checklist
The full page-by-page checklist covering keyboard, screen readers, visual design, forms, media, and ARIA in one place.